An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It operates through the interaction between the motors magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque supplied on the motor shaft. Electric motors can be classified by considerations such as power source type, construction, application, and type of motion output. They may be brushed or brushless, single-phase, two-phase, or three-phase, axial or radial flux, and may be air-cooled or liquid-cooled. The largest electric motors are used for ship propulsion, pipeline compression, and pumped-storage applications, with output exceeding 100 megawatts. Electric motors have revolutionized industry by providing easy control at the point of use and improving power transmission efficiency. They have also been applied in agriculture to eliminate human and animal muscle power from tasks such as handling grain or pumping water.
An electric motor consists of two mechanical parts: the rotor, which moves, and the stator, which does not. It also includes two electrical parts, magnets, and an armature, one of which is attached to the rotor and the other to the stator, forming a magnetic circuit. Electric motors can be driven by direct current (DC) supplies, like from rectifiers or batteries, or by alternating current (AC) supplies, like a power grid, electrical generators, or inverters. They are used in a wide variety of applications in both industry and daily life, such as fans, power tools, appliances, electric vehicles, and hybrid cars.
In summary, an electric motor is a crucial device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, providing power for various industrial and daily life applications.
