Arithmetic is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of numbers using various operations on them. It is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. The basic operations of arithmetic are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Arithmetic also includes more advanced operations, such as manipulations of percentages, square roots, exponentiation, logarithmic functions, and even trigonometric functions. Arithmetic expressions must be evaluated according to the intended sequence of operations.
Some key points about arithmetic are:
- Addition: It is the process of taking two or more numbers and adding them together. In its simple form, addition combines two numbers, the addends or terms, into a single number, the sum of the numbers.
- Subtraction: It is the inverse of addition. The difference of two numbers a and b is defined as a solution x of the equation b + x = a.
- Multiplication: It is adding the same number to itself a certain number of times. When we multiply two numbers, the result is called a product.
- Division: It is the inverse of multiplication. Division is the process of taking a number and splitting it into equal parts.
Arithmetic is one of the oldest and elementary branches of mathematics, originating from the Greek word ‘Arithmos’, which means ‘number’ . It is used in various fields, including science, engineering, economics, and finance.
