ASD stands for Autism Spectrum Disorder, which is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and social interaction, and repetitive or restricted patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities. It is a spectrum disorder, meaning that it can manifest very differently in each person. Some of the key characteristics of ASD include:
- Deficits in social communication and social interaction
- Repetitive or restricted patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities
- Hyper- and hyporeactivity to sensory input
- Differences in the brain
ASD begins before the age of 3 years and can last throughout a person’s life, although symptoms may improve over time. Some children show ASD symptoms within the first 12 months of life, while in others, symptoms may not show up until 24 months of age or later. People with ASD may have trouble with social interactions and with interpreting and using nonverbal and verbal communication. There is no cure for autism, but the symptoms may lessen over time. Early treatment for ASD is important as proper care and services can reduce individuals’ difficulties while helping them build on their strengths and learn new skills.
