Bleach is a chemical product that is used industrially or domestically to remove color (whitening) from fabric or fiber or to clean or remove stains in a process called bleaching. It is a mixture of water and the chemical sodium hypochlorite, which is the active ingredient that cleans and kills germs. Bleach works by reacting with many colored organic compounds, such as natural pigments, and turning them into colorless ones. While most bleaches are oxidizing agents (chemicals that can remove electrons from other) .
Bleach is used in many industrial processes, notably in the bleaching of wood pulp. It is also used in swimming pool sanitation to control bacteria, viruses, and algae and in many places where sterile conditions are required. Bleaches also have other minor uses, like removing mildew, killing weeds, and increasing the longevity of cut flowers.
Household bleach is actually a mixture of chemicals, its main constituent is a solution of ~3-6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), which is mixed with small amounts of sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, and calcium hypochlorite. Its main use is to remove color, whiten or disinfect clothing or surfaces, and is invaluable in most modern kitchens and bathrooms. Sodium hypochlorite is used on a huge scale in agriculture, and industries such as chemical, paint, lime, food, glass, paper, pharmaceuticals, synthetics, and waste disposal. It is also used to purify water supplies and swimming pools.
Bleach is corrosive, which means it can irritate or burn your skin or eyes. It can also corrode (“eat”) metals. When mixed with certain other chemicals or cleaners, it can produce toxic gases which can damage your lungs or be deadly. Always use caution and care when working with this product. Bleach can disinfect which means it is effective at killing most bacteria, fungus, and viruses. It is also used to whiten fabric and other items.
