Brake fluid is a specialized hydraulic fluid used in the braking systems of vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, and some bicycles. Its primary role is to transfer the force applied on the brake pedal into hydraulic pressure, which then activates the brake components (like calipers or wheel cylinders) to slow down or stop the vehicle
. Key characteristics and functions of brake fluid include:
- Hydraulic Force Transmission: When you press the brake pedal, the force is transmitted via brake fluid through brake lines to the brake pads or shoes, applying pressure to the rotors or drums to stop the wheels
- Non-Compressibility: Brake fluid is nearly incompressible, which allows it to efficiently transfer force without loss of pressure, essential for reliable braking
- High Temperature Resistance: It is formulated to withstand high temperatures generated during braking without vaporizing, which prevents brake failure due to vapor lock
- Lubrication and Corrosion Prevention: Brake fluid lubricates moving parts within the brake system and absorbs moisture (being hygroscopic) to prevent rust and corrosion inside brake components
- Chemical Stability and Compatibility: It is chemically stable and compatible with brake system materials like rubber seals and hoses to maintain system integrity
There are different types of brake fluids, commonly glycol-ether based (DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5.1), mineral oil-based, and silicone-based (DOT 5), each with different boiling points and uses
. In summary, brake fluid is essential for converting the mechanical force from your foot on the brake pedal into hydraulic pressure that safely stops your vehicle, while also protecting and lubricating the brake system components
