what is buoyancy

Buoyancy, also known as upthrust, is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object. This force is a result of the differences in pressure acting on opposite sides of the object immersed in the fluid. It is governed by Archimedes' principle, which states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. If the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object, it will float; if it is less, the object will sink. Buoyancy is essential for the floating of objects in liquids and gases and has various applications, such as in the operation of ships, submarines, and hot air balloons