what is camshaft

A camshaft is a component used in piston engines, mechanically controlled ignition systems, and early electric motor speed controllers. It is a shaft that contains a row of pointed cams, which convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion. The camshaft is responsible for opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves in the engine or cylinder head. The camshaft is connected to the crankshaft via belt, chain, or gears, which ensures consistent timing of the valves in relation to the motion of the pistons. The shape of the cams greatly affects the engines characteristics. The camshaft is an ancient idea that stretches back to the 13th century, where it was used in a variety of mechanisms.