Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere to prevent it from entering the Earths atmosphere and contributing to global warming. Carbon sequestration is a naturally occurring process, but it can also be enhanced or achieved with technology, such as within carbon capture and storage projects. There are three main types of carbon sequestration: biological, geological, and technological.
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Biological carbon sequestration: This is the storage of carbon dioxide in vegetation such as grasslands or forests, as well as in soils and oceans. This form of carbon sequestration occurs through increased rates of photosynthesis via land-use practices such as reforestation and sustainable forest management.
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Geological carbon sequestration: This is the process of storing carbon dioxide in underground geologic formations or rocks. Typically, carbon dioxide is captured from an industrial source, such as steel or cement production, or an energy-related source, such as a power plant or natural gas processing facility, and injected into porous rocks for long-term storage.
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Technological carbon sequestration: This involves exploring new ways to remove and store carbon from the atmosphere using innovative technologies. Researchers are also starting to look beyond removal of carbon dioxide and are now looking at more ways it can be used as a resource.
Carbon sequestration is recognized as a key method for removing carbon from the Earths atmosphere and is an essential part of solving climate change.
