Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material, usually metal, is poured into a mold and allowed to solidify. The solidified part, known as a casting, is then removed from the mold. This process is used to create complex shapes that would be difficult or uneconomical to make by other methods. There are various types of casting processes, including die casting, investment casting, sand casting, and plaster casting, each with its own unique benefits and applications
. The basic steps of the casting process, specifically sand casting, involve creating a mold pattern, establishing a gating system, pouring the molten metal into the mold cavity, and removing the mold pattern once the sand has taken its shape
. Metal casting is a versatile and ancient process that has been used for thousands of years to create a wide range of products, from tools and weapons to complex industrial components
