what is cervix in female

The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus that connects the main body of the uterus to the vagina, also known as the birth canal. It is a muscular, tunnel-like organ that allows fluids to leave and enter the uterus. The cervix plays a crucial role in childbirth by widening to allow the passage of a baby through the birth canal. Additionally, the cervix is an important part of the reproductive anatomy, allowing fluids to flow inside and out of the uterus. It is also a common site for cell changes that may indicate cancer. The cervix is composed of two main parts: the ectocervix, which is the outer part covered with thin, flat cells, and the endocervix, which is the inner part covered with column-shaped glandular cells that make mucus. The cervix is an essential structure in the female reproductive system, facilitating pregnancy, childbirth, and protecting the upper female reproductive tract from bacterial invasion.