what is copd

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. It is a long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe and is sometimes called emphysema or chronic bronchitis. COPD is caused by exposure to irritants that damage the lungs and airways over time, such as smoking, air pollution, and workplace exposure to dusts and chemicals. Symptoms of COPD include breathing difficulty, cough, and mucus production. People with asthma and smokers are at a higher risk of developing COPD. COPD is diagnosed through a breathing test called spirometry, which measures how the lungs are working. Although COPD is not curable, it can be treated through lifestyle changes, such as not smoking and avoiding air pollution, and medication to relieve symptoms and avoid respiratory infections.