Degradation refers to the process by which something is made worse, especially the quality of land or the environment. It can involve the decline of land condition, loss of biological productivity, and ecological integrity, often caused by human-induced processes such as deforestation or overgrazing
. In a broader sense, degradation can also refer to the decline to a low, destitute, or demoralized state, whether environmental, moral, or intellectual
. In the context of land, it is a significant concern as it affects people and ecosystems globally, interacting with social, political, cultural, and economic aspects, and contributing to and being affected by climate change
. Biological degradation specifically refers to the decay resulting from the activity of organisms such as fungi and bacteria in the presence of excess moisture and air
