A DOT number, or Department of Transportation number, is a unique identifier issued by the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), specifically by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). It is typically a 12-digit alphanumeric code assigned to commercial vehicles and motor carriers. The primary purpose of the DOT number is to identify these commercial vehicles for regulatory compliance, safety monitoring, inspections, and tracking of safety records. The DOT number is required for commercial vehicles that:
- Operate across state lines (interstate commerce),
- Have a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,001 pounds or more,
- Transport hazardous materials requiring a safety permit,
- Transport more than 8 passengers for compensation,
- Or transport more than 15 passengers regardless of compensation.
Having a DOT number is a legal requirement for motor carriers and is essential for ensuring compliance with federal regulations. It also helps customers and freight brokers verify the legitimacy and safety performance of a carrier. The USDOT number is often displayed on the vehicle and can be looked up online to check safety records and compliance status. In summary, a DOT number serves as a motor carrier's "license" for operating commercial vehicles on public roads, ensuring they meet safety and regulatory standards. Without this number, companies cannot legally haul loads or operate commercial vehicles in the U.S.
