what is double fertilization class 12

Double fertilization is a process unique to flowering plants (angiosperms) where one male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form a diploid zygote, while the other male gamete fuses with two polar nuclei to form a triploid cell that develops into the endosperm. The process involves the fusion of one female gametophyte with two male gametes, resulting in the formation of a zygote and an endosperm. The significance of double fertilization is that it gives rise to two products, the zygote and the endosperm, which provide nourishment to the developing embryo and increase the viability of the seeds of angiosperms. The process also allows for polyembryony, which means that the plant has better chances of survival. After fertilization is complete, no other sperm can enter.