What is an Estuary?
An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. It is where freshwater from rivers mixes with saltwater from the ocean, resulting in brackish water. Estuaries are dynamic ecosystems with a connection to the open sea through which seawater enters with the rhythm of the tides. They are incredibly productive habitats, providing essential ecosystem services and functions such as serving as natural filters for runoff and providing nursery grounds for many species of birds, fish, and other animals.
Estuaries are lined with marshes and sea grasses that filter water flowing to the ocean and act as a buffer protecting coastal areas from storms. They are home to unique plant and animal communities that have adapted to brackish water. Estuaries are among the most productive ecosystems in the world and are critical natural habitats for many species of fish and wildlife. They also have important economic value, providing resources for tourism, fisheries, and recreational activities. Additionally, estuaries perform environmental services such as acting as storm buffers to the mainland, protecting residential areas from harsh storms.
