The English Standard Version (ESV) is a translation of the Bible into contemporary English. It was created by a team of more than 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors and published in 2001 by Crossway. The ESV is an "essentially literal" translation of the Bible, meaning that each word and phrase in the ESV was carefully weighed against the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts to ensure the fullest accuracy and clarity. The ESV relies on recently published critical editions of the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts, and it is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version. The ESV is endorsed by many pastors, ministry leaders, scholars, and authors in the US and abroad, and it is used by Christians and churches around the world. The ESV is also the preferred Bible translation for many international ministries, including the Gideons International, the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, Awana, and others.