In Java, an exception is an unwanted or unexpected event that occurs during the execution of a program, which disrupts the normal flow of the programs instructions. When an exception occurs within a method, it creates an object called the exception object, which contains information about the exception, such as its name, description, and the state of the program when the exception occurred. Java provides a robust and object-oriented way to handle exception scenarios, known as Java Exception Handling.
Exception handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors such as ClassNotFoundException, IOException, SQLException, RemoteException, etc. . When an error occurs within a method, the method creates an exception object and hands it off to the runtime system. The runtime system then searches for an appropriate exception handler to catch the exception. If the runtime system exhaustively searches all the methods on the call stack without finding an appropriate exception handler, the program terminates abnormally.
Java has two types of exceptions: checked exceptions and unchecked exceptions. Checked exceptions are checked at compile-time, while unchecked exceptions are checked at runtime. Java also provides built-in exceptions such as ClassNotFoundException, IOException, SQLException, RemoteException, etc. . In addition, users can create their own exceptions, which are called user-defined exceptions.
The advantages of exception handling in Java include provision to complete program execution, easy identification of program code and error-handling code, propagation of errors, and meaningful error messages.
