Filé powder, also known as gumbo filé, is a spicy herb seasoning made from the dried and ground leaves of the North American sassafras tree. It is used as a thickening agent and seasoning in soups, stews, and gumbos, adding a distinctive, earthy flavor and texture to the dish. The word "filé" comes from the French "filer," which means "to spin threads," as the powder, when added to the stew during cooking, becomes thick and stringy. It is generally not added until after the vegetables and meats or seafood are finished cooking and removed from the heat source. Filé powder is a traditional ingredient in Creole gumbo recipes, and a true "filé gumbo" should have both filé powder and okra. It is also worth noting that filé powder was first used in cooking by the Choctaw Indians of the Southern U.S. .
If you are unable to find filé powder in your local market, you can make your own by gathering the leaves of the sassafras tree and drying them for about a week before grinding them into a powder. Alternatively, you can find filé powder in most supermarkets, many specialty food stores, or online food retailers. When using filé powder, it is important to note that it is more than a thickener; it also imparts an earthy flavor and has a fruity aroma similar to coriander seeds. It is recommended to store the powder in a tightly covered glass jar away from direct light or heat.
In summary, filé powder is a unique and flavorful ingredient that adds both thickening and seasoning properties to dishes like gumbo, and it can be easily found in stores or made at home if necessary.
