The Fitzpatrick skin type, also known as phototype, is a classification system used to categorize skin based on its reaction to sunlight exposure and the amount of melanin pigment present in the skin
. Developed by American dermatologist Thomas B. Fitzpatrick in 1975, the system consists of six categories
:
- Fitzpatrick skin type I : Pale white skin, blue/green eyes, blond/red hair; always burns, does not tan
- Fitzpatrick skin type II : Fair skin, blue eyes; burns easily, tans poorly
- Fitzpatrick skin type III : Darker white skin; tans after initial burn
- Fitzpatrick skin type IV : Light brown skin; burns minimally, tans easily
- Fitzpatrick skin type V : Brown skin; rarely burns, tans darkly easily
- Fitzpatrick skin type VI : Dark brown or black skin; never burns, always tans darkly
The Fitzpatrick skin type system is used to guide patients and dermatologists in determining the appropriate settings for laser therapy and assessing risk related to other skin health concerns
. People with lighter skin types are more likely to burn and develop skin cancer, while those with darker skin types are less likely to burn and more likely to tan during sun exposure
. The system also provides indications of risk related to other skin health concerns, such as post-inflammatory pigmentation after injuries
