Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a state employs to manage its interactions with other states, international organizations, and global entities. It reflects a country's goals, values, and interests in the international arena and guides diplomatic relations, economic agreements, security measures, and humanitarian efforts
. Key aspects of foreign policy include:
- Objectives: These often focus on defense and security (such as forming military alliances), economic benefits (trade agreements and foreign aid), and humanitarian assistance
- Formulation: Foreign policy is shaped by domestic factors, the behavior of other countries, geopolitical considerations, and the international environment, including conflicts and alliances
- Types: It can be categorized broadly into hard foreign policy (use of force or coercion, e.g., military intervention, sanctions) and soft foreign policy (use of persuasion and attraction, e.g., cultural exchange, public diplomacy)
- Dynamic and Complex: Foreign policy is adaptable to changing global circumstances and involves multiple actors and issues
- Implementation: Governments, through diplomats and foreign affairs departments, carry out foreign policy to protect national interests and promote security, prosperity, and development
In summary, foreign policy is a comprehensive framework through which a nation pursues its interests and navigates its relationships with the wider world, balancing security, economic goals, and diplomatic engagement
