A fragment can refer to different things depending on the context. Here are some possible definitions:
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In linguistics: A fragment is an incomplete sentence that is missing one or more of its essential components, such as a subject, a verb, or a complete thought. For example, "In the park" is a fragment because it lacks a verb and a complete thought. Fragments can be used for effect in creative writing, but they should generally be avoided in formal writing.
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In physics: A fragment can refer to a part broken off, detached, or incomplete, such as a fragment of glass from a shattered window.
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In computer programming: A fragment is a reusable portion of an apps user interface that defines and manages its own layout and lifecycle.
In general, a fragment is a part of something that is incomplete or detached from the whole.