GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate) is a central nervous system depressant drug that is illegal when used recreationally. It produces feelings of euphoria, relaxation, sociability, and increased sex drive. GHB acts by slowing down brain activity, heart rate, and breathing, which can be dangerous and even fatal at higher doses or when combined with alcohol
. GHB typically appears as a colorless, odorless liquid that can taste bitter or salty, but it can also come in powder or crystal form. It is sometimes called "liquid ecstasy," though it is chemically different from MDMA (ecstasy). Other street names include "G," "liquid X," "grievous bodily harm," and "fantasy"
. Medically, GHB is used in the form of sodium oxybate (trade name Xyrem®) to treat narcolepsy, a sleep disorder. However, illicit GHB is often made in unregulated labs, leading to unpredictable potency and purity
. GHB is also known as a "date rape" drug because it can be slipped into drinks unnoticed due to its lack of color and odor, causing sedation, memory loss, and vulnerability to assault
. Effects of GHB include euphoria, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, hallucinations, unconsciousness, slowed breathing, coma, and death in overdose situations. Mixing GHB with alcohol greatly increases these risks
. In summary, GHB is a depressant drug with both medical uses and significant potential for abuse and harm, especially in party and club settings
