Glycerol, also known as glycerin or glycerine, is a simple triol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. Glycerol is a naturally occurring alcohol that is produced from the hydrolysis of fats and oils, and is a by-product of biodiesel production. It can be obtained either from animal fats or botanical sources.
Glycerol has a variety of uses, including as a solvent, sweetening agent, and medicine. It is used as a filler in commercially prepared low-fat foods, as a thickening agent in liqueurs, and as a sugar substitute. Glycerol is also used in personal care products such as toothpaste, hair conditioner, cosmetics, and moisturizers. In pharmaceuticals, it is added to cough syrups to help prevent throat irritation and to make tablets easier to swallow.
Glycerol is also used for constipation, improving athletic performance, and for certain skin conditions. It is also used for stroke, obesity, ear infections, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Glycerol is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) because it can help an athlete exercise for longer.
In food and beverages, glycerol serves as a humectant, solvent, and sweetener, and may help preserve foods. It is used to help retain moisture, prevent sugar crystallization, and add bulk, smoothness, softness, sweetness, and texture. Glycerol is more calorie-dense than other sugar alcohols and contains more calories per gram than sugar.
