Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to a generalized overactivity of the entire thyroid gland, causing hyperthyroidism. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck that produces thyroid hormones, which regulate body temperature and energy usage. Here are some key points about Graves disease:
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Causes: Graves disease is triggered by the bodys immune system, which mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to produce more thyroid hormones than the body needs.
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Symptoms: The majority of symptoms of Graves disease are caused by the excessive production of thyroid hormones and may include racing heartbeat, hand tremors, trouble sleeping, weight loss, muscle weakness, and heat intolerance. Graves disease can also affect the eyes, causing inflammation, swelling of the tissues around the eyes, and bulging of the eyes, a condition known as Graves ophthalmopathy or orbitopathy.
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Complications: If left untreated, Graves disease can lead to serious health problems, including heart rhythm disorders, thinning bones, problems with the menstrual cycle, fertility, and pregnancy, and eye discomfort and changes in vision.
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Triggers: The onset of Graves disease may be triggered by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as stressful life events, illness, pregnancy, and smoking.
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Treatment: Antithyroid medication, radioiodine therapy, and surgery are common treatment options for Graves disease. Each option has benefits and risks, and the choice of treatment should be discussed in detail with a healthcare provider.
Its important to seek medical attention if experiencing symptoms associated with Graves disease to get a prompt and accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
