HEMA stands for Historical European Martial Arts. It refers to both the academic research and physical training associated with the combat arts of medieval Europe. HEMA encompasses the study and application of martial practices of or relating to European cultures, including swordsmanship, unarmed combat, dueling, and a variety of other techniques and styles. The term HEMA can also include arts formerly practiced but having since died out or evolved into very different forms, such as classical fencing and traditional stick-fighting methods.
It is important to note that HEMA is not just a modern interpretation of historical martial arts, but rather a practice based upon historical sources. HEMA practitioners seek to reinvigorate both the cultural and practical importance of European martial traditions. Tournaments and competitions provide an important space for practitioners to gather together and test their training and interpretations with the pressure of uncooperative opponents.
It is worth mentioning that HEMA can also refer to an ingredient used in nail products called hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) . However, this is a different context and not related to the martial arts practice.
