Herpes is a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), which has two main types: HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 primarily causes oral herpes, resulting in cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth, while HSV-2 usually causes genital herpes, affecting the genital and anal areas. However, both types can infect either location. The virus spreads mainly through direct skin-to-skin contact, including kissing, oral sex, vaginal, or anal sex, and can be transmitted even when no symptoms are present
. Herpes infections typically cause painful blisters or sores that break open and crust over. Symptoms may include itching, burning, or tingling sensations before sores appear. Some people have no symptoms and may be unaware they carry the virus. After the initial outbreak, herpes can recur periodically, though outbreaks tend to become less frequent over time
. There is no cure for herpes, but antiviral medications can help manage symptoms, reduce the severity and frequency of outbreaks, and lower the risk of transmission to others. Herpes is a lifelong infection, and many people live with it without serious health complications, though it can be more dangerous for newborns or individuals with weakened immune systems
. In summary, herpes is a widespread viral infection causing oral or genital sores, transmitted by close contact, manageable with treatment but not curable
