what is hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation is a condition that causes an area of skin or nails to darken due to increased melanin production. Melanin is a pigment that gives color to the body in places such as the eyes, skin, and hair. Hyperpigmentation can be diffuse or focal, affecting areas such as the face and the back of the hands. There are several types of hyperpigmentation, including age spots, sun spots, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. The condition can be caused by sun exposure, hormonal influences, age, skin injuries, or inflammation. Hyperpigmentation can also be associated with certain diseases or conditions, such as Addisons disease and other sources of adrenal insufficiency. A dermatologist can diagnose the cause of hyperpigmentation by examining the skin, taking a medical history, and possibly taking a biopsy. There are a wide range of depigmenting treatments used for hyperpigmentation conditions, and responses to most are variable. Some lifestyle changes that can help include sun protection and skin care. Topical therapy, such as creams or ointments, may also be recommended by a healthcare provider.