what is immigration

Immigration is the process of moving into a new country with the intent to live there permanently. It involves individuals or groups relocating from their country of origin to a different country where they intend to settle as residents or citizens. This encompasses both legal immigration, where people receive permission to enter and reside, and unlawful immigration, which occurs in violation of immigration laws. Immigration excludes temporary stays like tourism or temporary work (e.g., exchange students or short-term workers) and instead focuses on permanent residence. Immigrants leave their former country (emigrate) and enter the destination country (immigrate) often motivated by factors such as economic opportunities, family reunification, escape from conflict or persecution, or a desire for a better quality of life. Immigration has significant social, economic, and cultural impacts on both the originating and destination countries. The term immigration also relates closely to laws and policies governing entry, residence, and citizenship, particularly in countries like the United States where federal regulations dictate legal immigration pathways including family sponsorship, employment, refugee status, and asylum. In summary, immigration is the international movement of people intending permanent settlement in a new country, influenced by various personal, social, and economic factors, and regulated by law in most countries.