A job specification, also known as a person specification or employee specification, is a document that outlines the recommended qualities, skills, knowledge, and experience a person should have to qualify for and succeed in a particular position. It is a crucial part of the job analysis process and provides valuable information for both employers and job seekers.
Here are the key elements of a job specification:
- Educational qualifications: The level of education or specific degrees/certifications required for the job.
- Training and experience: The relevant training programs, internships, or work experience necessary to perform the job effectively.
- Skills: The specific abilities and competencies needed to carry out the tasks and responsibilities of the job.
- Emotional attributes and mental capabilities: The personal qualities, emotional intelligence, and cognitive abilities required for the role.
- Physical and sensory demands: Any unusual physical or sensory requirements for the job, such as lifting heavy objects or working in a noisy environment.
- General health and mental health: The overall health and mental well-being necessary to perform the job.
- Intelligence, aptitude, and memory: The cognitive abilities and capacity for learning and problem-solving.
- Leadership skills, emotional ability, adaptability, and flexibility: The individuals capacity for leadership, emotional intelligence, adaptability, and flexibility in the workplace.
- Values, ethics, manners, and creativity: The personal values, ethical standards, manners, and creativity that align with the job and the organization.
A job specification is often included within a job description, which provides a broader overview of the position, its responsibilities, and the working conditions. While a job description focuses on the tasks and responsibilities, a job specification highlights the specific qualifications and attributes required for the role.
