what is keratin

Keratin is a type of protein that is found in hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin (epidermis) in vertebrates. It is a fibrous structural protein that is also known as a scleroprotein. Alpha-keratin is a specific type of keratin that is found in mammals and is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, horns, claws, hooves, and the slime threads of hagfish. Keratin filaments are abundant in keratinocytes in the hornified layer of the epidermis, which are proteins that have undergone keratinization. Keratins are also present in epithelial cells in general. Keratin is a protective protein that is less prone to scratching or tearing than other types of cells that the body produces. Keratin can be derived from the feathers, horns, and wool of different animals and used as an ingredient in hair cosmetics. Since keratin is the structural building block of hair, some people believe that keratin supplements, products, and treatments can help strengthen hair and make it look healthier. Keratin treatments can have some benefits, such as making hair look glossier, but it is important to understand the chemicals involved and the potential for heat damage from processing hair this way. The body produces keratin naturally, but keratin shampoos and conditioners that contain keratin hydrolysates may strengthen hair and improve its appearance.