Maca is a plant native to the high Andes Mountains of Peru, scientifically known as Lepidium meyenii , often called Peruvian ginseng. It is a cruciferous root vegetable related to broccoli, radishes, and turnips, cultivated for over 2,000 years in harsh high-altitude conditions above 4,000 meters (13,000 feet)
. The edible part is the maca root, which is rich in nutrients such as essential amino acids, proteins (13-16%), carbohydrates, fiber, iron, calcium, potassium, and other minerals. Maca root contains unique bioactive compounds like macamides, macaenes, and glucosinolates, which are believed to contribute to its health effects
. Traditionally, maca has been used as both food and medicine by Indigenous Peruvians to enhance physical and mental performance, fertility, sexual function, energy, and mood. It is often marketed as a superfood or natural remedy for issues like infertility, low libido, and fatigue, though more scientific research is needed to confirm many of these benefits
. Maca root is consumed in powder form, capsules, or extracts, with a slightly sweet, earthy, and malty flavor sometimes described as caramel-like. Gelatinized maca powder, a processed form, is easier to digest and may have better bioavailability
. In summary, maca is a nutrient-dense root vegetable from Peru with traditional uses for boosting energy, fertility, and overall health, now popular worldwide as a dietary supplement. Its safety profile is generally good, with rare adverse effects reported
