In science, particularly in chemistry, a mixture is a material composed of two or more different substances that are physically combined, not chemically bonded. The substances in a mixture retain their individual chemical properties and can be separated by physical methods such as filtration, distillation, or decantation
. Key characteristics of mixtures include:
- The components keep their original properties.
- The proportions of the components can vary.
- No chemical change occurs during mixing.
- The mixture’s physical properties (like melting point) may differ from those of the individual components.
- Components can be solids, liquids, or gases and can combine in any proportion
Mixtures are classified into two main types:
- Homogeneous mixtures (solutions): These have a uniform composition throughout, meaning the components are evenly distributed and not distinguishable. Examples include salt dissolved in water and air
- Heterogeneous mixtures : These have a non-uniform composition where the different components are easily distinguishable. Examples include sand in water and salad
Unlike compounds, mixtures do not involve chemical bonding between substances, and their composition is not fixed
. In summary, a mixture is a physical combination of substances that preserves their individual identities and properties, with components that can be separated by physical means
