Moulting, also known as molting, shedding, or ecdysis in some invertebrates, is a biological process by which an animal casts off parts of its body to serve a beneficial purpose, either at specific times of the year or at specific points in its life cycle. This process can involve shedding the epidermis (skin), pelage (hair, feathers, fur, wool), or other external layers. For example, in birds, moulting is the periodic replacement of feathers by shedding old feathers while producing new ones. Feathers are gradually abraded and need to be replaced, and adult birds moult at least once a year, with some moulting twice or three times each year. In arthropods, such as insects, arachnids, and crustaceans, moulting is the shedding of the entire exoskeleton.
Moulting is essential for animals to renew their outer layers and maintain their health and functionality. It is a natural and necessary process that allows animals to adapt to changes in their environment, such as seasonal variations in temperature and daylight hours. Proper nutrition is crucial during moulting, as there is an increased demand for protein, calcium, and iron to support the growth of new feathers or other external structures.
In summary, moulting is a vital biological process that enables animals to shed and replace parts of their bodies, ensuring their continued health and adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
