what is neuron

A neuron, also called a nerve cell, is the fundamental unit of the brain and nervous system. It is responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, sending motor commands to muscles, and transforming and relaying electrical signals. Neurons have three main parts: dendrites, an axon, and a cell body. Dendrites receive input, the cell body processes the input, and the axon transmits the output to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Neurons communicate with other cells via synapses, which are specialized connections that use chemical neurotransmitters to pass the electric signal from the presynaptic neuron to the target cell through the synaptic gap