what is normal saline used for

Normal saline is a crystalloid fluid that is commonly used in the clinical setting as a cornerstone of intravenous solutions. It is an aqueous solution of electrolytes and other hydrophilic molecules, and its main indication is due to its isotonic nature when compared to serum plasma. Normal saline contains electrolytes, such as sodium and chloride ions, which dissociate in solution. The following are primary indications for the use of normal saline infusion that have been approved by the FDA: hydration, electrolyte disturbances, and as a priming solution in hemodialysis procedures. Normal saline is also used for maintenance IV fluids in all pediatric patients greater than 1 month old due to the risk of hyponatremia with hypotonic IV fluids. It can be administered only via intravenous access, and the dosage is dependent upon the age, weight, and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations. The implementation of normal saline is standard during resuscitation, and administration can be at various concentrations.