An organization is a collection of people who work together towards a common purpose. It can be an entity such as a company, an institution, or an association, and it can be for-profit or not-for-profit. The word "organization" is derived from the Greek word "organon," which means tool or instrument. Organizations can have a variety of legal types, including corporations, governments, non-governmental organizations, political organizations, international organizations, armed forces, charities, partnerships, cooperatives, and educational institutions, among others.
The process of organization is goal-oriented and aims to achieve objectives through proper planning and coordination between activities. It involves the division of work among employees and alignment of tasks towards the ultimate goal of the company. The process of organization includes the determination and classification of firms activities, grouping of the activities into workable departments, assignment of authority and responsibility on the departmental executives for undertaking the delegated tasks, developing relationships amidst superior and subordinate, within the unit or department, and framing policies for proper coordination between the superior and subordinate and creating specific.
Organizations can have a formal or informal structure, and they possess some form of hierarchy and division of labor. The structure may be formal, such as in a publicly-traded company where policies and procedures define who does what and how they do it, or it might be informal, such as a student-team you join as part of a group project for a course where you agree amongst yourselves who does what and how they do it. Organizations are open systems, meaning they have an effect on and are affected by the outside world.
