The ovulation period is the phase in the menstrual cycle when a mature egg is released from the ovary. It usually occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle, typically about 14 days before the start of the next period in a 28-day cycle. The ovulation phase lasts for about 12 to 24 hours, which is the time during which the released egg can be fertilized by sperm. Ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) and marks the end of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. After the egg is released, it travels down the fallopian tube toward the uterus, where it may be fertilized. If fertilization does not occur within this period, the egg disintegrates, and the uterine lining is later shed during menstruation. The fertile window, when pregnancy is most likely, includes the ovulation day and the five days before it, since sperm can survive in the reproductive tract for up to six days. In summary, the ovulation period is:
- The release of a mature egg from the ovary
- Lasts about 12 to 24 hours
- Typically occurs around day 14 in a 28-day menstrual cycle
- Is the most fertile time for pregnancy to occur
This timing can vary among individuals and cycle lengths. Ovulation is a key part of the menstrual cycle and fertility.
