what is phytochemical

Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants through primary or secondary metabolism to help them resist fungi, bacteria, plant virus infections, and consumption by insects and other animals. They are part of the plants immune system and help protect the plant from viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Phytochemicals are generally regarded as research compounds rather than essential nutrients because proof of their possible health effects has not been established yet. However, they have been found to have impressive health benefits, including chemoprevention, which hinders cancer development by preventing DNA damage, and repairing mutated genes, slowing the growth of cancer cells, and reducing inflammation. Phytochemicals can be classified into major categories, such as carotenoids and polyphenols, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, or lignans. All plants, including fruits, vegetables, beans, and grains, produce phytochemicals. While some phytochemicals are also vitamins, they are not essential to our health like vitamins and minerals. Instead, they protect our cells from damage caused by environmental toxins and the bodys natural chemical (metabolic) processes.