Plasma is a state of matter, often referred to as the fourth state of matter after solid, liquid, and gas). It is characterized by the presence of a significant portion of charged particles in any combination of ions or electrons). Plasma is a highly electrically conductive ionized substance, where long-range electric and magnetic fields dominate its behavior). Plasma is typically an electrically quasineutral medium of unbound positive and negative particles, meaning that the overall charge of a plasma is roughly zero). However, these particles are not "free" in the sense of not experiencing forces, as moving charged particles generate electric currents, and any movement of a charged plasma particle affects and is affected by the fields created by the other charges).
Plasma has a wide range of applications in many fields of research, technology, and industry). For example, it is used in industrial and extractive metallurgy, surface treatments such as plasma spraying (coating), and in the production of semiconductors and other electronic devices).
In addition, plasma is also an important component of blood. Plasma is the liquid portion of blood, making up more than half (about 55%) of its overall content. It carries water, salts, enzymes, nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the parts of the body that need them, and also helps remove waste products from the body. Plasma is a critical part of the treatment for many serious health problems, and is commonly given to trauma, burn, and shock patients, as well as people with rare chronic conditions.
