Psychopathology is the scientific study of abnormal cognition, behavior, and experiences that differ according to social norms and are influenced by various constructs deemed to be the social norm at a particular era. It involves understanding the causes, development, course, classification, and treatment of mental disorders. Psychopathology can be applied to different populations, such as children and adolescents (child psychopathology) and non-human animals (animal psychopathology).
The main areas of focus in psychopathology include:
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Understanding Mental Disorders: This involves studying the specific symptoms and signs of various mental disorders, their course (how they change over time), and their impact on a persons life.
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Classification: Psychopathology is concerned with the development and refinement of classification systems for mental disorders, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). These systems aim to provide a standardized way to diagnose and treat mental health conditions.
Psychopathology can also be used to describe behaviors or experiences that are indicative of mental illness, even if they do not constitute a formal diagnosis. For example, the presence of hallucinations may be considered a psychopathological sign, even if there are not enough symptoms present to fulfill a specific diagnostic criteria.
