what is recombinant dna technology

Recombinant DNA technology is a laboratory technique that involves using enzymes and various laboratory methods to manipulate and isolate DNA segments of interest. This method can be used to combine DNA from different species or to create genes with new functions, resulting in copies of DNA that are often referred to as recombinant DNA. The process involves inserting a foreign piece of DNA structure into the genome that contains the gene of interest, which is called the recombinant gene. The complete process of recombinant DNA technology includes multiple steps, maintained in a specific sequence to generate the desired product. These steps include isolation of genetic material, cutting the gene at the recognition sites, ligation of the gene into a vector, transformation of the host cell, and screening for the desired product. Recombinant DNA technology has been successfully applied to make important proteins used in the treatment of human diseases, such as insulin and growth hormone. It is also used as a tool of gene therapy to prevent and cure acquired genetic disorders.