what is redundant

Redundant refers to something that is unnecessary, superfluous, or more than is needed. In linguistics, redundancy is information that is expressed more than once, such as multiple agreement features in morphology or multiple features distinguishing phonemes in phonology). Redundancy can be distinguished from repetition, which can be a useful tool in writing when used well to add emphasis or strengthen a point). However, redundancy cannot be a good thing, as it happens when the repetition of a word or idea does not add anything to the previous usage). In general, redundancy is advised against in writing guides, especially for technical writing, as it works against readability and conciseness).