ROM stands for Read-Only Memory, which is a type of computer memory that stores information permanently. It is non-volatile, meaning that the information is stored permanently in such memories during manufacture and it is not lost when the power is turned off. ROM contains special internal electronic fuses that can be programmed for a specific interconnection pattern (information) . The binary information stored in the chip is specified by the designer and then embedded in the unit at the time of manufacturing to form the required interconnection pattern (information) . Once the pattern (information) is established, it stays within the unit even when the power is turned off.
ROM is used to store instructions that are required to start a computer, also known as bootstrap. It is also used to store firmware, which is a software program that remains attached to the hardware. ROM is essential for the storage and operation of the BIOS, but it can also be used for basic data management, to hold software for basic processes of utilities and to read and write to peripheral devices.
Unlike RAM (Random Access Memory), which is volatile memory that temporarily stores the files you are working on, ROM cannot be changed or overwritten by ordinary computer activities. In fact, you can’t actually directly access data stored in the ROM. If you need data from the ROM, you must first transfer it to the RAM, where your processor can then access it.
