A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks). It is a layer 3 or network layer device that connects different networks together and sends data packets from one network to another. Routers perform the traffic directing functions between networks and on the global Internet). They inspect a given data packets destination Internet Protocol (IP) address, calculate the best way for it to reach its destination, and then forward it accordingly. Routers can combine the functions of network hubs, modems, or network switches, and connect with these devices to improve Internet access or help create business networks.
Routers operate at the network layer to solve a fundamental problem facing bridged Layer 2 networks. In a bridged network, as the number of connected devices rises, the frequency of frame collisions increases as devices compete for bandwidth. This results in the reduction of the network bandwidth available.
Routers have a routing table that is refreshed periodically according to the changes in the network. In order to transmit data packets, they consult the table and use a routing protocol. Routers can also provide security by using embedded firewall and content filtering software to provide additional protection from unwanted content and malicious websites without affecting the online experience.
In summary, a router is a device that connects two or more packet-switched networks, forwards packets, and allows multiple devices to use the same Internet. It is a common tool for modern network computing, connecting employees to networks, both local and the Internet, where just about every essential business activity takes place.
