Shawarma is a popular Middle Eastern dish that originated in the Levant region during the Ottoman Empire. It consists of thinly sliced, seasoned meat- traditionally lamb or mutton, but also commonly chicken, turkey, beef, or veal-that is stacked in an inverted cone on a vertical rotisserie and slow- roasted as it turns in front of a heat source. The outer cooked layers are shaved off for serving
. The meat is typically marinated with spices such as cumin, cardamom, cinnamon, turmeric, and paprika, sometimes including baharat, to enhance flavor. Shawarma is commonly served hot, wrapped in flatbreads like pita, laffa, or lavash, and accompanied by various toppings and sauces such as garlic sauce (toum), tahini, hummus, pickles, tomatoes, and onions. Variations exist by region, with different meat choices and condiments
. Shawarma is a staple street food across the Arab world and the Greater Middle East and has gained popularity worldwide, including in the United States, where adaptations have been made to comply with local food regulations while preserving its authentic taste
. In summary, shawarma is a flavorful, slow-roasted meat dish served as a sandwich or wrap with assorted vegetables and sauces, celebrated for its juicy, aromatic qualities and cultural significance in Middle Eastern cuisine
