what is shm

Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is a type of periodic motion in which the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the body from its mean position. In other words, it is a motion in which an object experiences a restoring force whose magnitude is directly proportional to the distance of the object from an equilibrium position. The motion is characterized by a changing acceleration that is always directed towards the equilibrium position and is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The mathematical model used in analyzing simple harmonic motion is fairly common and can be used in predicting the kinematics of bouncing basketballs and violin bowing techniques, where restoring forces are responsible for similar motions. The necessary conditions for SHM are that the force acting opposite to displacement brings the system back to equilibrium, which is its rest position, and the force magnitude depends only on displacement, such as in Hooke’s law. The formula for restoring force in SHM is F = -kx, where k is the force constant and x is the displacement of the string from the equilibrium position.