Structural functionalism, also known as functionalism, is a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. It emphasizes the relationships between the structures or institutions in society and how they function together. According to this theory, each structure or institution in society serves a purpose, and each is indispensable for the continued existence of the others and of society as a whole.
One of the key ideas in structural functionalism is that society is made up of groups or institutions that are cohesive, share common norms, and have a definitive culture. Social structures give shape to our lives, such as in families, communities, and religious organizations.
However, one criticism of the structural-functional theory is that it cannot adequately explain social change. Additionally, the somewhat circular nature of this theory is problematic, as repetitive behavior patterns are assumed to have a function, yet we profess to know that they have a function only because they are repeated.
In summary, structural functionalism is a macro-level theory that sees society as an interconnected system with each part having a different function but working together. It emphasizes the relationships between the structures or institutions in society and how they function together to promote solidarity and stability.
