what is the extracellular matrix

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of extracellular macromolecules and minerals found in between an organisms cells). It is composed of an array of multidomain macromolecules organized in a cell/tissue-specific manner. The ECM is a structural support network made up of diverse proteins, sugars, and other components. The most abundant glycoprotein in the ECM of most animal cells is collagen, which forms strong fibers outside the cells). The ECM has two basic forms: the basement membrane (BM) and the interstitial matrix. The BM structure is thought to be set by laminin and collagen IV, while the interstitial matrix is composed of a variety of biologically active molecules that are highly regulated and critical for determining the action and fate of the cells that it surrounds. The ECM plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and regulating the development of skeletal muscle. It is also involved in cell signaling, differentiation, migration, and proliferation.