A keyboard is an input device used to enter characters and functions into a computer system by pressing buttons or keys. The primary function of a keyboard is to act as an input device, allowing a person to type a document, use keystroke shortcuts, access menus, play games, and perform a variety of other tasks. The keys on a keyboard can be divided into several groups based on function, including:
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Typing (alphanumeric) keys: These keys include the same letter, number, punctuation, and symbol keys found on a traditional typewriter.
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Control keys: These keys are used alone or in combination with other keys to perform certain actions. The most frequently used control keys are Ctrl, Alt, the Windows logo key, and Esc.
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Function keys: The function keys are used to perform specific tasks. They are labeled as F1, F2, F3, and so on, up to F12. The functionality of these keys differs from program to program.
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Navigation keys: These keys are used for moving around in documents or webpages and editing text. They include the arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Delete, and Insert.
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Numeric keypad: The numeric keypad is handy for entering numbers quickly. The keys are grouped together in a block like a conventional calculator or adding machine.
In addition to these standard keys, some keyboards have additional functions beyond the standard keyboard. Many are programmable, configurable computer keyboards and some control multiple PCs, workstations, and other information sources, usually in multi-screen work environments. Users have additional key functions as well as the standard functions and can typically use a single keyboard and mouse to access multiple sources. Some keyboards have power management keys, Internet keys to access a web browser or email, multimedia keys, such as volume controls, or keys that can be programmed by the user to launch a specified application or a command like minimizing all windows.
