The spindle fibers (mitotic spindle) are responsible for organizing and separating chromosomes during cell division. They ensure that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. Key functions:
- Form a bipolar structure during prophase and prometaphase.
- Attach to chromosomes at kinetochores.
- Align chromosomes along the metaphase plate.
- Shorten and pull sister chromatids apart during anaphase, pulling one chromatid to each pole.
- Help position and segregate chromosomes so that daughter nuclei reform with the proper chromosome complement.
In short, spindle fibers coordinate chromosome alignment, attachment, and segregation to guarantee accurate distribution of genetic material to daughter cells, preventing aneuploidy in mitosis and meiosis.
